Chicago Tribune16%
Rev. Julia E. Smith Obituary 14%
By Chicago Tribune6%
7/21/2026, 5:05:00 AM
Topics: Memoriam
Keywords: Rev Julia E Smith, Obituaries
BS Summary: This article contains 10 faulty reasoning types, including Indoctrination, Halo Effect, and Negativity Bias, with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 68.8% saturation with 53 hits. Analysis detected 205 faulty-reasoning hits from 77 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 30.7% and a BS Rank of 14% (17,172 of 19,838 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 86.60% of the article peer group.
Mama, we were blessed to have you for 79 years – Years wherein you worked so hard in God’s vineyard.
Today marks 35 years of rest from your labors.
For us, it has been years of separation.
We sorely miss you.
The pain has eased, but it never goes away.
We look forward to seeing you in the Rapture.
We love you.
Your Loving Children,
Nadine Williams & Dr.
Vernon G.
Smith
Confirmation Bias
0%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
1%PublicationChicago Tribune
2.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Availability Heuristic
0%Availability Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
1.3%PublicationChicago Tribune
4.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0.1%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0.3%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
0%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
2.8%PublicationChicago Tribune
7.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
10.4%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
10.4%AuthorChicago Tribune
1.7%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
11.7%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
11.7%AuthorChicago Tribune
1.2%PublicationChicago Tribune
2.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
16.9%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
16.9%AuthorChicago Tribune
0.8%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
27.3%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
27.3%AuthorChicago Tribune
2.3%PublicationChicago Tribune
7.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
1%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
29.9%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
29.9%AuthorChicago Tribune
20.8%PublicationChicago Tribune
7.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Recency Bias
0%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Authority
0%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
1.5%PublicationChicago Tribune
3.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
0%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0.2%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
0%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
4.8%PublicationChicago Tribune
3.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
0%Red Herring
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
26%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
26%AuthorChicago Tribune
9%PublicationChicago Tribune
7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0.2%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Post Hoc (False Cause)
11.7%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
11.7%AuthorChicago Tribune
0.4%PublicationChicago Tribune
4.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anecdotal
26%Anecdotal
OverallThis article
26%AuthorChicago Tribune
1%PublicationChicago Tribune
2.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ambiguity (Equivocation)
0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
1.2%PublicationChicago Tribune
2.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
0%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Biased Writer Voice
68.8%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
68.8%AuthorChicago Tribune
13.2%PublicationChicago Tribune
8.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
37.7%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
37.7%AuthorChicago Tribune
1.8%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
0%PublicationChicago Tribune
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
0%AuthorChicago Tribune
3.5%PublicationChicago Tribune
1.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
77 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.