The Japan Times66%
Iran and Ukraine bring limits of air campaigns into sharp focus 93%
By Gerry Doyle100%
7/16/2026, 8:56:00 AM
BS Summary: This article contains 17 faulty reasoning types, including Biased Writer Voice, Confirmation Bias, and Sunk Cost Effect, with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 52.5% saturation with 63 hits. Analysis detected 525 faulty-reasoning hits from 120 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 89.4% and a BS Rank of 93% (1,172 of 16,813 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 93.00% of the article peer group.
Like many leaders before them, U.S.
President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin are coming face-to-face with the limits of massive airpower to achieve strategic victory.
Trump is again threatening to step up the intensity of airstrikes against Iran, even though thousands of previous attacks since late February failed to dislodge the government in Tehran, eliminate its missile threat or end its stranglehold over the Strait of Hormuz.
Ukraine offers a related lesson.
In a conflict where the front lines are largely static and both sides have launched massive waves of long-range strikes with drones and missiles, whoever has the stoutest air defenses may have a decisive advantage.
Confirmation Bias
35%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
35%AuthorGerry Doyle
23.3%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Availability Heuristic
29.2%Availability Heuristic
OverallThis article
29.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
19.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Representativeness Heuristic
4.2%Representativeness Heuristic
OverallThis article
4.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
1.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
11.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
29.2%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
29.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
9.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
30.8%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
30.8%AuthorGerry Doyle
11.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
14.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
35%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
35%AuthorGerry Doyle
11.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
0%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
0%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
11.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
52.5%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
52.5%AuthorGerry Doyle
35%PublicationThe Japan Times
11.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
0%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Recency Bias
0%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
2.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
5%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
5%AuthorGerry Doyle
1.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Authority
0%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
5.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
29.2%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
29.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
15.6%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
5%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
5%AuthorGerry Doyle
28.6%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
4.2%Red Herring
OverallThis article
4.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
1.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
35%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
35%AuthorGerry Doyle
23.3%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
17.5%Begging the Question
OverallThis article
17.5%AuthorGerry Doyle
5.8%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Post Hoc (False Cause)
35%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
35%AuthorGerry Doyle
11.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anecdotal
0%Anecdotal
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ambiguity (Equivocation)
29.2%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
29.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
9.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
0%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Biased Writer Voice
44.2%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
44.2%AuthorGerry Doyle
33.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
9.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
17.5%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
17.5%AuthorGerry Doyle
5.8%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
11.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
0%AuthorGerry Doyle
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
120 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.