The Japan Times66%
Shadow raises pitched as option for cash-strapped Japanese companies 100%
By Kazuaki Nagata0%
3/27/2026, 7:07:00 AM
BS Summary: This article contains 12 faulty reasoning types, including Recency Bias, Appeal to Authority, and Burden of Proof, with Availability Heuristic as the most egregious example at 40% saturation with 44 hits. Analysis detected 411 faulty-reasoning hits from 110 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 100% and a BS Rank of 100% (6 of 16,813 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 100.00% of the article peer group.
Smaller Japanese companies struggling to keep up with demands for more money from employees who are themselves struggling to make ends meet, might have a way to pay more without paying too much.
By using various types of non-salary compensation, they can give shadow raises while avoiding some of the costs that normally accompany simple salary increases.
“An increasing number of companies come to us with a clear objective: that they want to use employee benefits to increase disposable income as an alternative to direct pay hikes,” said Shigeru Aizawa, head of employee benefits in the empowerment division at Tokyo-based Freee.
Confirmation Bias
21.8%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
21.8%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
5.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
6.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Availability Heuristic
40%Availability Heuristic
OverallThis article
40%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
6.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.5%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
2.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
8.2%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
8.2%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
11.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
14.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.2%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
30%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
30%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
4.5%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
0%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
5.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
0%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
8.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
11.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.6%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
0%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.3%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Recency Bias
40%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
40%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
5.6%PublicationThe Japan Times
2.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.6%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Authority
40%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
40%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
6.6%PublicationThe Japan Times
5.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
21.8%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
21.8%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
30%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
30%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
2.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
0%Red Herring
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
0%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.9%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1.3%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Post Hoc (False Cause)
0%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
7.2%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Burden of Proof
40%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
40%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.4%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anecdotal
40%Anecdotal
OverallThis article
40%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1%PublicationThe Japan Times
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ambiguity (Equivocation)
0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
2.5%PublicationThe Japan Times
3.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.1%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
40%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
40%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
5.2%PublicationThe Japan Times
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
3.2%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Biased Writer Voice
0%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
9.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
9.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
0%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0.3%PublicationThe Japan Times
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
0%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
21.8%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
21.8%AuthorKazuaki Nagata
1.7%PublicationThe Japan Times
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
110 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.