BirminghamWatch17%
City Still Needs Response on Parks & Rec Master Plan 19%
By Virginia Martin26%
7/21/2026, 5:46:32 PM
Topics: Parks And Recreation, City Planning
Keywords: Parks
BS Summary: This article contains 8 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias, Attempt to Sell a Product or Service, and Optimism Bias, with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 23.6% saturation with 38 hits. Analysis detected 200 faulty-reasoning hits from 161 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 29% and a BS Rank of 19% (20,833 of 25,563 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 81.50% of the article peer group.
Birmingham City Councilor Sonja Q.
Smith during Tuesday’s council meeting reminded residents to give their opinions as officials develop a citywide Parks and Recreation Master Plan.
The plan, which would look at needs through 2035, is intended to guide investments, improvements and priorities for parks, trails, greenways and recreation programs through 2035.
“This plan is about more than green space.
It’s about sparking connection, play, health, and opportunity in every neighborhood,” states the city’s website for the survey, where residents can respond to questions about what they want or need from city parks and recreation facilities and services.
Specifically, residents completing the survey are asked what they consider the most important benefits for their neighborhoods from various actions parks and rec could take; which facilities they have used in the past year and what factors have discouraged their use of the city-provided facilities; and which amenities and services they want most.
Confirmation Bias
0%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.2%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Availability Heuristic
0%Availability Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.4%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.8%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.7%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
23.6%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
23.6%AuthorVirginia Martin
3.3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
3.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.1%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
6.2%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
6.2%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.8%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
16.1%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
16.1%AuthorVirginia Martin
2.3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
5.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
0%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.6%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
23.6%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
23.6%AuthorVirginia Martin
3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
2.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.8%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.9%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
0%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
3.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
2.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Recency Bias
0%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.9%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Appeal to Authority
13%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
13%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.7%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
0%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
0%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.6%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
0%Red Herring
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.7%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
0%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
3.4%PublicationBirminghamWatch
3.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Post Hoc (False Cause)
0%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.4%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.1%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Anecdotal
0%Anecdotal
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Ambiguity (Equivocation)
0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
5%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
5%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.9%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.4%PublicationBirminghamWatch
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Biased Writer Voice
13%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
13%AuthorVirginia Martin
4.1%PublicationBirminghamWatch
3.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
0%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
1.3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
1.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
3%PublicationBirminghamWatch
2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorVirginia Martin
0.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
23.6%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
23.6%AuthorVirginia Martin
3.5%PublicationBirminghamWatch
2.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
161 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.