KCUR57%
Bram Sable-Smith | KCUR - Kansas City news and NPR 6%
By Bram Sable-Smith53%
7/18/2026, 1:09:34 PM
Topics: Health Reporting, Midwest Correspondent
BS Summary: This article contains 2 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority, with Halo Effect as the most egregious example at 39.4% saturation with 39 hits. Analysis detected 68 faulty-reasoning hits from 99 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 22.9% and a BS Rank of 6% (16,547 of 17,611 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 94.00% of the article peer group.
Bram Sable-Smith, Midwest correspondent, joined KFF Health News after eight years covering public health and the social safety net for Wisconsin Public Radio; the Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism; KBIA in Columbia, Missouri; and Side Effects Public Media, a public media reporting collaborative in the Midwest specializing in health issues.
He also taught radio journalism at the University of Missouri.
Bram’s reporting has received national recognition, including two Edward R.
Murrow Awards, two Sigma Delta Chi Awards, and two health policy awards from the Association of Health Care Journalists.
Confirmation Bias
0%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.4%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Availability Heuristic
0%Availability Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
8.9%PublicationColumbia Missourian
2.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
0%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
5.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.3%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
0%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
3.5%PublicationColumbia Missourian
4.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
0%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2.1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
0%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
6.9%PublicationColumbia Missourian
5.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.8%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.3%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.5%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
39.4%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
39.4%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.5%PublicationColumbia Missourian
2.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Recency Bias
0%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.3%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Authority
29.3%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
29.3%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
3.9%PublicationColumbia Missourian
2.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
0%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.3%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
0%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
4.8%PublicationColumbia Missourian
3.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
0%Red Herring
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
0%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
3.1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
5.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Post Hoc (False Cause)
0%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
2.3%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.4%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.5%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anecdotal
0%Anecdotal
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
9.1%PublicationColumbia Missourian
2.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ambiguity (Equivocation)
0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.8%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
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Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
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Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.5%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
0%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.5%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Biased Writer Voice
0%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.7%PublicationColumbia Missourian
2.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
0%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.2%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.4%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.4%PublicationColumbia Missourian
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBram Sable-Smith
0.6%PublicationColumbia Missourian
1.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
99 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.