The Free Press74%
Bernard-Henri Lévy: History Is Not Dead. It Is Under Attack. 95%
By Bernard-Henri Lévy100%
7/21/2026, 7:03:25 PM
Keywords: Antisemitism, History
BS Summary: This article contains 14 faulty reasoning types, including Framing Effect, Negativity Bias, and In-Group Bias, with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 91.6% saturation with 153 hits. Analysis detected 664 faulty-reasoning hits from 167 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 92% and a BS Rank of 95% (1,088 of 21,168 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 94.90% of the article peer group.
Historian Niall Ferguson has just published, in The Free Press, together with the researcher John-Clark Levin, one of those essays that the United States has a particular talent for producing and which, like those of Francis Fukuyama or Samuel P.
Huntington before it, shifts the center of public debate.
The article is entitled “The Death of History.”
It describes an America caught in the grip of a double antisemitism which, on the right, no longer bothers to conceal its nostalgia for Nazism and, on the left, believes it has found, in the denunciation of “genocidal Zionism,” the ultimate weapon.
It shows that Holocaust denial, the keystone of the whole edifice, has emerged from the sewers where it had languished for decades to become a force in history.
And it emphasizes the effects of artificial intelligence, which—with its fabricated voices and content orchestrated from digital farms—has given this torrent of lies and hatred an unprecedented power of dissemination.
Confirmation Bias
0%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
1.8%PublicationThe FP
6.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Availability Heuristic
16.8%Availability Heuristic
OverallThis article
16.8%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
17.2%PublicationThe FP
4.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
1.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hindsight Bias
16.8%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
16.8%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
5.6%PublicationThe FP
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
1.8%PublicationThe FP
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
45.5%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
45.5%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
17.2%PublicationThe FP
9.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
0%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
18%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
18%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
12%PublicationThe FP
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
44.3%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
44.3%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
49.5%PublicationThe FP
11.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
1.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
In-Group Bias
25.1%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
25.1%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
8.4%PublicationThe FP
1.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
25.1%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
25.1%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
16.8%PublicationThe FP
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
0%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Recency Bias
5.4%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
5.4%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
1.8%PublicationThe FP
2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
1.2%PublicationThe FP
1.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
2.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
8.4%PublicationThe FP
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Authority
24%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
24%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
24%PublicationThe FP
3.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
0%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
16.8%PublicationThe FP
2.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
12%PublicationThe FP
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
0%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
27.9%PublicationThe FP
9.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
0%Red Herring
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
1.8%PublicationThe FP
1.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
25.1%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
25.1%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
29.1%PublicationThe FP
6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Post Hoc (False Cause)
18%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
18%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
6%PublicationThe FP
2.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anecdotal
16.8%Anecdotal
OverallThis article
16.8%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
5.6%PublicationThe FP
3.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ambiguity (Equivocation)
0%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
2.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
25.1%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
25.1%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
8.4%PublicationThe FP
2.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
1.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Biased Writer Voice
91.6%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
91.6%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
60.9%PublicationThe FP
15.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
0%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
2.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
0.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
3.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
0%AuthorBernard-Henri Lévy
0%PublicationThe FP
4.7%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
167 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.