John Bolton expected to plead guilty in classified-documents case 9%
By Katie Mettler0% Perry Stein0% Jeremy Roebuck0%
6/4/2026, 10:01:53 AM
BS Summary: This article contains 3 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority and Unattributed Quote, with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 48.1% saturation with 38 hits. Analysis detected 62 faulty-reasoning hits from 79 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 25% and a BS Rank of 9% (20,115 of 21,887 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 91.90% of the article peer group.
John Bolton, a former national security adviser turned outspoken critic of President Donald Trump, is expected to plead guilty in a case involving his alleged mishandling of classified materials.
Bolton pleaded not guilty in the case in October.
A change-of-plea hearing is scheduled for June 26 before U.S.
District Judge Theodore D.
Chuang, according to a spokesperson for the U.S. attorney’s office in Maryland.
The spokesperson declined to comment further.
Confirmation Bias
0%Confirmation Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
9.3%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Availability Heuristic
0%Availability Heuristic
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Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
48.1%Framing Effect
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48.1%AuthorKatie Mettler
30.2%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Optimism Bias
0%Optimism Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Pessimism Bias
0%Pessimism Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Negativity Bias
0%Negativity Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
9.3%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Halo Effect
0%Halo Effect
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
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Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Recency Bias
0%Recency Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
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Straw Man
0%Straw Man
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
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Appeal to Authority
15.2%Appeal to Authority
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15.2%AuthorKatie Mettler
2.1%PublicationThe Washington Post
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False Dilemma
0%False Dilemma
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
18.5%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Hasty Generalization
0%Hasty Generalization
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Red Herring
0%Red Herring
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0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Appeal to Emotion
0%Appeal to Emotion
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
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Post Hoc (False Cause)
0%Post Hoc (False Cause)
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Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
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Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Anecdotal
0%Anecdotal
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
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Ambiguity (Equivocation)
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0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Gambler’s Fallacy
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Middle Ground
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Personal Incredulity
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Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
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0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Unattributed Quote
15.2%Unattributed Quote
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15.2%AuthorKatie Mettler
2.1%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Biased Writer Voice
0%Biased Writer Voice
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9.3%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Indoctrination
0%Indoctrination
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Politically Right Leaning Bias
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
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Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
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0%AuthorKatie Mettler
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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79 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.