In D.C., a heated race to succeed Del. Eleanor Holmes Norton 72%
By Paul Schwartzman0%
5/26/2026, 10:00:00 AM
BS Summary: This article contains 5 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias, Biased Writer Voice, and Confirmation Bias, with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 70.4% saturation with 50 hits. Analysis detected 234 faulty-reasoning hits from 71 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 64.8% and a BS Rank of 72% (4,815 of 16,813 articles). This article is worse (more manipulative) than 71.40% of the article peer group.
President Donald Trump’s name may not be on the ballot, but he and his Republican allies are Topic A in the heated campaign to succeed Eleanor Holmes Norton, D.C.’s nonvoting congressional representative who is relinquishing her seat after more than three decades.
Del.
Eleanor Holmes Norton (D-D.C.) has decided to retire at the end of her current term.
(Mark Schiefelbein/AP)
Confirmation Bias
59.2%Confirmation Bias
OverallThis article
59.2%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
14.8%PublicationThe Washington Post
3.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Anchoring Bias
0%Anchoring Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Availability Heuristic
0%Availability Heuristic
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
4.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Representativeness Heuristic
0%Representativeness Heuristic
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hindsight Bias
0%Hindsight Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Overconfidence Bias
0%Overconfidence Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Framing Effect
70.4%Framing Effect
OverallThis article
70.4%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
64.8%PublicationThe Washington Post
21.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Loss Aversion
0%Loss Aversion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Status Quo Bias
0%Status Quo Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Sunk Cost Effect
0%Sunk Cost Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Optimism Bias
0%Optimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
3.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Pessimism Bias
0%Pessimism Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
3.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Negativity Bias
70.4%Negativity Bias
OverallThis article
70.4%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
47.2%PublicationThe Washington Post
18.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Self-Serving Bias
0%Self-Serving Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Fundamental Attribution Error
0%Fundamental Attribution Error
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Actor-Observer Bias
0%Actor-Observer Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
In-Group Bias
0%In-Group Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
2.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
0%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Halo Effect
0%Halo Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
2.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Horn Effect
0%Horn Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Dunning-Kruger Effect
0%Dunning-Kruger Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Recency Bias
0%Recency Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
2.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Primacy Effect
0%Primacy Effect
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Blind-Spot Bias
0%Blind-Spot Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Ad Hominem
0%Ad Hominem
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Straw Man
0%Straw Man
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Authority
0%Appeal to Authority
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
5.3%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
False Dilemma
0%False Dilemma
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Slippery Slope
0%Slippery Slope
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Circular Reasoning
0%Circular Reasoning
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Hasty Generalization
0%Hasty Generalization
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
5.9%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Red Herring
0%Red Herring
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Bandwagon
0%Bandwagon
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.5%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Appeal to Emotion
0%Appeal to Emotion
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
6.4%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Begging the Question
0%Begging the Question
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Post Hoc (False Cause)
0%Post Hoc (False Cause)
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
4.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Tu Quoque
0%Tu Quoque
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Burden of Proof
0%Burden of Proof
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Appeal to Nature
0%Appeal to Nature
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Composition/Division
0%Composition/Division
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Anecdotal
0%Anecdotal
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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No True Scotsman
0%No True Scotsman
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Ambiguity (Equivocation)
59.2%Ambiguity (Equivocation)
OverallThis article
59.2%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
14.8%PublicationThe Washington Post
2.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Gambler’s Fallacy
0%Gambler’s Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Middle Ground
0%Middle Ground
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Personal Incredulity
0%Personal Incredulity
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0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Special Pleading
0%Special Pleading
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Genetic Fallacy
0%Genetic Fallacy
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
0.2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Unattributed Quote
0%Unattributed Quote
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
4.8%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Quote-first Misdirection
0%Quote-first Misdirection
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
2.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Biased Writer Voice
70.4%Biased Writer Voice
OverallThis article
70.4%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
35.2%PublicationThe Washington Post
15.1%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Indoctrination
0%Indoctrination
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
2%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Left Leaning Bias
0%Politically Left Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
14.8%PublicationThe Washington Post
3.6%Bar shows this article. Yellow and cyan markers show the selected author and publication averages.
Politically Right Leaning Bias
0%Politically Right Leaning Bias
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
0%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service
OverallThis article
0%AuthorPaul Schwartzman
0%PublicationThe Washington Post
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71 words analyzed.
Analysis
Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.